Internal-combustion engine.



J. R. WARREN.

INTERNAL GOMBU$TION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.22, 1911.

Patented Apr. 7, 1914 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES; IVVENTOR.

John R .wawe fi A TTORNEYJ' COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH cO.. WASHINGTON. D. c.

J R. WARREN.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 22, 1911.

Patented Apr. 7, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR. J71 M R Wcwr n WITNESSES.

A TTORNEKJ J. R. WARREN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APYLIOATION FILED APR. 22, 1911.

1,092,787. Patented Apr. 7, 1914 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WITNESSES: [N VENTOR.

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INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

weaver.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. a, rare.

Original application filed July 9, 1910, Serial No. 571,118. Divided and this application filed April 22,

My present invention relates to internal combustion engines, and its object is to provide an improved valve mechanism fori such engines, which shall be simple and economical in construction and effective in operation. This obgect 1s ZLttEIlIlGCl by, and

my invention finds an embodiment in, the,

following mechanism, illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical transverse sectional view of an engine illustrating my valve mechanism applied thereto, and taken on an axial plane of a cylinder of the engine; Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail view, showing one of the cam shafts (in cross-section) carrying the valve-operating cams, and connected means for actuating the same; Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail view, in vertical section, of the valve rods arm for operating the valve, with connected parts, and Fig. 4 is a view showing in perspective the two cam shafts carrying the valve-operating cams, etc., and illustrating diagrammatically the valves, etc.

In the structure shown, the cylinder 1 of my engine is that one, of four of the same construction and dimensions, which appears in Fig. 1, and is nearest the viewer, the other three being beyond and hidden by it. The combustible charge is drawn through a suitable supply pipe 7 communicating with passages 6 respectively controlled by the valves 2, 3, 4 and 5, one for each cylinder, the valve 2 controlling the supply to cylinder 1. Into the main exhaust pipe 8 leads the exhaust passages 9 respectively controlled by the valves 10, 11, 12 and 13, one for each cylinder, the valve 10 controlling the exhaust passage 9 of cylinder 1. Supplemental exhaust passages or vents 1 1, one in the lower end of each cylinder body, discharge as through a supplemental exhaust pipe 15 into the main exhaust pipe 8. The pistons 16 of the several cylinders are in form an inverted cup, as shown. On the transverse journal 17 of each piston rocks its connecting rod 18, and in a suitable box Serial No. 622,754.

19 on said rods lower end is journaled the crank-pin 20 of its crank on the main shaft 21. The crank-pins for the several cylinders are diametrically oppositely disposed on the shaft, and alternately, the crank-pin of cylinder 1 being shown in full lines in Fig. 1, the crank-pin of the. next cylinder appearing in dotted lines, the crank-pin of the third cylinder alining with that of the first, and the cranlcpin of the fourth alining with that of the second cylinder.

On said transverse journal 17 of the pistons also rock valve-actuating connecting rods 22 and 23, one of each for each pair of cylinders, for actuating, one22-the supply controlling valve, and the other23 the main exhaust valve of each cylinder. The lower ends of these connecting rods are pivoted, the rods 22 to their respective lever arms 24, and the rods 23 to their respective lever arms 25, said lever arms 24 turning on the left-hand camshaft 26 (as shown in Fig. 1) and the lever arms 25 on the righthand cam-shaft 27 the valves, lever-arms, cam-shaft, etc., on the left hand of the structure thus governing the combustible supply and the similar parts on the right hand governing the exhaust. It will be seen that the two connecting rods 22 actuating the supply valve mechanism are connected to pistons whose crank pins are 180 degrees apart: and similarly, that the connecting rods 28 actuating the exhaust valve mechanism are connected to pistons whose crank pins are 180 degrees apart. Each lever arm carries a pallet 28, spring-pressed at 29 and adapted to engage either of the two diametrically oppositely disposed ratchet teeth 30 or 31 of the ratchet wheels 32 keyed on the left-hand, and 33 keyed on the righthand, cam-shaft. These cam-shafts respectively carry cam arms 34 and 35, each adapted to engage at a point in its revolution and to actuate respectively the valve rods 36 and 37, as by means of anti-friction rollers 38 carried on the slotted ends 39 of the valve-rods These cams by the revolution of the cam shafts engage the rollers 38 and thereby lower the valve rods 36 and 87 to operate the valves. Through the slotted ends 39 of the valve rods pass the cam shafts 26 and 27 respectively, the slot in such ends being elongated sufficiently in a vertical direction to accommodate the movement of the valve rods:

Suitable springs 40 pressing the collars 41 on the stems of the supply and main exhaust valves, hold the upper ends of such stems tightly against horizontal arms 42 of the several valve-rods and in depressions 43 in such arms, as shown in Fig. 3. The action of these springs is to raise the valves to close them, until the revolution of the camarms moves the valve rods against the pressure of such springs and of the springs 44 to open such valves.

The valves and their controlling and actuating means are so adjusted that the piston, etc, of each cylinder operates as follows: When the piston is at its highest point (as shown in Fig. 1 and having reference particularly to that figure), its main exhaust valve 10 is closed and so, by the position of the lower part of the piston, is the supplemental exhaust passage 14. The supply valve2 is open. As the piston descends, the .combustible charge is drawn in through the supply passage 6. When the piston reaches itslowest point the supply valves ratchet wheel 32 is moved by its pallet a quarter way around, thus closing the supply valve. As the piston ascends the charge. is compressed inside the cylinder. The charge is then fired in the usual manner, forcing the piston down a second time; when it reaches its bottom point the auxiliary exhaust passage 14 is thus opened (the piston having descended below it), and, by its ratchet wheel 33, etc., the main exhaust-valve 10 is also opened through which the ascent of the piston expels the products of combustion. The two ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel, actuated by one piston, are positioned a quarter-way around the shaft from the teeth in the other wheel on the same shaft actuated by another piston; so that, although each pallet turns its ratchet wheel only a quarterway and engages it only alternate movements of the pallets lever arm, yet the camshaft is turned a quarter-way around by the pallet of the other cylinder and left in position for the first-named cylinder to operate it its next movement: this quarter-way arrangement of the ratchet wheels teeth is seen in Fig. 4, in which figure the position of the various valve-seats is diagrammatically shown by dotted horizontal lines 45. The like disposition of the teeth of the ratchet wheels is made as to both the camshafts 2G and 27 and it will be seen that the means for, and method of, actuating the supply valves and the main exhaust valves are the same in arrangement and operation; and the sequence of their action is preferably such that the charge in the first cylinder, beginning at one end of the machine, is first fired, then the third, then the second and lastly the fourth, thus preventing over-heating of the water where the water-jackets surround the cylinders in pairs.

It will be seen that the valves are operated by the piston directly and not indirectly through the main shaft by means of gears or in any other manner. The piston therefore has the same effect on the valves, whichever direction the main shaft is turning. The direction of such shafts rotation is governed, and may be reversed, by timing the pipes to the cylinders: 48, the water jacket;

49 casing; 50, valve cages: 51 retaining means therefor. 1 1

This application is division 2 of my pending applicationSerial No. 571,118, filed July 9, 1910, and divided as required by the Patent Office: and certain features herein shown are the subjects matter of my copending applications for patent.

My invention may manifestly be embodied in different and varying construction without departing from its spirit; and I do not propose to confine myself to the construction shown and described.

I claim:

1. In an engine, the combination with a plurality of engine cylinderseach having a piston, a supply valve and an exhaust valve, of a rotatable shaft, means to successively operate the supply valves. and actuated by the rotation of the shaft to a certain rotary position for each supply valve, means actuated successively by the pistons to intermittently turn the shaft successive portions of its movement to its several valve-operating positions; a second rotatable shaft, means to successively operate the exhaust valves and actuated bythe rotation of the second shaft to a certain rotary position for each exhaust valve, means actuated successively 'by the pistons to intermittently turn the second shaft successive portions of its movement to its several valve-operating positions and in engine-operative relation to the position of the first shaft.

2. In an engine, the combination with two pairs of engine cylinders each cylinder having a piston, a supply valve and an exhaust valve, of a rotatable shaft carrying ratchet wheels, each wheel having two teeth, means to successively operate the supply valves and actuated by the rotation of the shaft to a certain rotary position for each supply valve, means actuated by alternate movements of each of a pair of pistons toengage I a tooth of a ratchet wheel to turn the shaft successive portions of its movement to one of its valve-operating positions; a second rotatable shaft carrying ratchet Wheels, each wheel having two teeth, means to successively operate the exhaust valves and actuated by the rotation of the second shaft to a certain rotary position for each exhaust valve, means actuated by alternate movements of each of a pair of pistons to engage a tooth of a ratchet wheel to turn the second shaft successive portions of its movement to one of its valve-operating positions, and in engine-operative relation to the position of the first shaft.

3. In an engine, the combination with a plurality of engine cylinders each having a piston and a valve, of a rotatable shaft, means to successively operate the valves and actuated by the rotation of the shaft to a certain rotary position for each valve, and means actuated successively by the pistons to intermittently turn the shaft successive portions of its movement to its several valveoperating positions.

4. In an engine, the combination with a plurality of engine cylinders each having a piston and a valve, of a rotatable shaft carrying wheels provided with ratchet teeth, means to successively operate the valves and actuated by the rotation of the shaft to a certain rotary position for each valve, and means actuated successively by the pistons to engage the ratchet teeth to turn the shaft successive portions of its movement to one of its several valve-operating positions.

5. In an engine, tvvo engine cylinders each having a piston and a valve, a rotatable shaft carrying two ratchet wheels each having two teeth, means actuated by the rotation of the shaft to a certain position to operate the valves, and means actuated by alternate movements of each piston to engage a tooth of a ratchet wheel to rotate the shaft.

6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of cylinders having valves and pistons, a cam-shaft having valve-operating cams, ratchet wheels carried on the camshaft, rock lever arms pivoted concentric the cam-shaft and having pallets engaging the ratchet wheels, and means intermediate said pistons and said arms to rock the arms by the movement of the pistons to turn the camshaft successive portions of its movement to one of its valve-operating positions.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN R. WARREN.

lVitnesses MARY S. Toonnn, MARY SCHULTE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

, Washington, D. G. 

